- (fat) pay rise
- have reputation for
- all too (2004.4)
- with the (underlying) assumption that...
- finely developed
- above all
- a piece of
- a slice of
- exchange A for B
- in return for
- markedly different
- in exchange for
- hand over
- induce resentment
- in the wild
- righteous indignation
- abundantly clear
- stems from(evolve from)
- as yet (2004.3)
- pose a contrast
- justify an assumption
- make a comparison
- explain a phenomenon
- slack rivals
- resent unfairness
- jealous of
- no (...) other than (2006.2)
- develop emotions
- be inclined to (2008.1)
- attentive to
“MY BOSS hires people with the assumption that we all know our jobs," says a woman who works for a small firm.
But from the very beginning, Android was written with the assumption that one day everyone would use their smartphones as their primary Internet device.
The playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater.(2006, Text 2)
语块不仅仅指固定短语,而是指更广泛的形容词修饰名词,副词修饰动词,副词修饰形容词等概念 。掌握了这些,我们才能在平时复习中使巧劲 。
掌握同义替换
英语中常用同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词、小概念代替大概念、大概念泛指小概念等考查同义替换 。
① creatures / animals / capuchin monkeys / capuchins / species
② In the world of capuchins, grapes are more preferable tocucumbers.
→ The monkeys prefer grapes to cucumbers.
③ They pay closer attention to the value of their “goods and services” .
→ They are more inclined to weigh what they get.
④ 第24题:正话反说
Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.
→ Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys will not be co-operative if feeling cheated.
同义替换能让语言变得丰富多彩,所以除了用来练习阅读理解,还可以将其用在作文中,也就是你在做阅读的同时也在学写作,通过这种思路复习,可以事半功倍 。
到这里,相信同学们对考研英语的词义理解有了概念 。如果可以认真完成一篇真题文章,你就能一次收获38个单词,30个语块,慢慢积累的过程,就是“爬山”的过程 。
第二座大山:长难句分析
知其然知其所以然,我们从源头讲讲长难句 。
英语长难句的标准如何界定
美国Rudolf Flesch博士在1946年曾对英语句子长度与文体的关系作过如下数字统计:
Very easy(easy prose,mostly dialogue):8 words or less
Easy:11 words
Fairly easy:14 words
Standard(average reader):17 words
Fairly difficult(literary English):21 words
Difficult:25 words
Very difficult(scientific English):30 words or more
当一个句子有25个单词时,属于困难,当有30+单词时,属于非常困难,且一般多是科技文献 。考研英语的目的恰恰就是考查学生能否顺利查阅资料文献,能否顺畅表达研究成果 。所以考研英语中长难句大量出现,是三座大山中最难跨越的一座 。
英语长难句的现象从何而来
中文句子,一般多是像竹节一样的简短句,而英语造句主要使用“楼房建筑法”,像盖楼房一样,一层盖一层,一环套一环,渐渐摩天大楼就建起来了 。
当我们把中文翻译成英文时,要像盖楼一样,将一个个短句子排列组合成一个长句,做到“化零为整” 。而当英文翻译成中文时,要破句重组给句子“松绑”,做到“化整为零” 。
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