白色情人节英文名



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白色情人节英文名

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今天是2016年的西方情人节(Valentine\'s Day - (圣人)瓦伦丁日),让我们在卿卿我我的闲暇之余深入了解一下这个名称的由来,以及它背后所蕴含的英语词汇知识 。如此一来,是不是既修炼了情商又提升了智商呢?
1、词源资料
From the Roman cognomen Valentinus which was itself from the name Valens meaning "strong, vigourous, healthy" in Latin. Saint Valentine was a 3rd-century martyr. His feast day was the same as the Roman fertility festival of Lupercalia, which resulted in the association between Valentine\'s day and love. As an English name, it has been used occasionally since the 12th century.
上面的内容翻译成中文就是:
(它)所源自的罗马姓氏Valentinus本身又源于Valens(拉丁语意思为“强壮的/有力的/健康的”)这个罗马名字 。圣人瓦伦丁是公元3世纪的一位殉道者 。(古罗马时代)他的节日跟罗马人象征水草丰茂的牧神节(2月15日)是等同看待的(牧神对牧羊人和羊群的爱-提供肥沃的草地),这导致了后人将“瓦伦丁日”和“爱”关联了起来 。从12世纪开始,它也被偶尔当作一个英文名字来使用 。
关于“圣人瓦伦丁日/情人节”的由来,《美国传统词典》上还有一个说法可供参考:
Lovers and the greeting card industry may have Geoffrey Chaucer to thank for the holiday that warms the coldest month. Although reference books abound with mentions of Roman festivals from which Valentine\'s Day may derive, Jack B. Oruch has shown that no evidence supports these connections and that Chaucer was probably the first to link the saint\'s day with the custom of choosing sweethearts. No such link has been found before the writings of Chaucer and several literary contemporaries who also mention it, but after them the association becomes widespread. It seems likely that Chaucer, the most imaginative of the group, invented it. The fullest and perhaps earliest description of the Valentine\'s Day tradition occurs in Chaucer\'s “Parlement of Foules”, composed around 1380, which takes place “?on Seynt Valentynes day, Whan every foul cometh there to chese [choose] his make [mate].?” (on saint Valentine\'s day, When every foul comes there to choose his mate)
上面的文字翻译过来就是:
【白色情人节英文名】恋人和贺卡行业或许要因为这个节日而感谢(英国作家)杰弗里●乔叟,因为该节日为这个最寒冷的月份注入了些许暖意 。虽然各种参考书中充斥着一种观点认为圣瓦伦丁节日可能源于罗马节日,但杰克●B●奥鲁奇明确表示说没有证据支持这种联系,并且认为乔叟很可能是第一个把圣瓦伦丁节和选择情人的习俗联系在一起的 。在乔叟和那些同样提到过该节日的其他同时代文学家出版的著作之前根本找不到这种联系 。但是在此之后这种关联就慢慢地定型并传播开来 。似乎是这个群体中最有想象力的乔叟创造了这种关联 。关于该传统的最完整、可能也是最早的描述出现在乔叟的 Parlement of Foules(《火鸡议会》)一书 , 它创作于1380年左右,里面出现有这样的句子“在圣人瓦伦丁日,每个火鸡都来到这里选择它的配偶 。”
2、构词解析
既然Valentine这个姓氏(或人名)源于拉丁语Valentinus,我们如果要分析它的表意,只要根据拉丁语的构词法进行拆解即可:valentinus=valent-inus=(val-ent)-in-us 。其中:
(1)-us是拉丁语阳性名词词尾,该单词借到英语后不区分名词的阴阳性,所以-us换成-e,进而把-inus这个后缀改写成-ine这个形式 。
(2)去掉后缀剩下的部分val-ent-就是词干,它是在词根val-(强壮的/有力的)的基础上添加现在分词后缀-ent(进行中)构成的派生形式,也是拉丁语名字Valens=val-ens的词干 。词根val-就是valid=val-id(有力的/有效力的/有效的)的那个词根,是be strong(强壮有力)的词义,所以词干valent-的字面意思就是being strong(正在用力/正处在有力的状态) 。


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