Hello, I\'m Oli, from Oxford Online English. In this lesson, we\'re going to look at writing an introduction to an essay or article, with a particular focus on the IELTS exam.
你们好 ， 我是奥利 。欢迎来到牛津在线英语 。本节课 ， 我们来看看主要针对雅思考试的写作文章开头 。
If you\'re writing an essay or something in English, knowing how to write a good introduction is super important, and it\'s something that a lot of students really find difficult. In this lesson, you can learn how to write an effective introduction to your essay; we\'ll look at some simple dos and don\' ts.
如果你写论文或其他英语文章 ， 了解如何写好开头很重要 ， 而很多同学觉得很难 。你会在本课学到如何写出有效的文章首段 ， 我们看看什么是可以写的 ， 什么是不可以写的 。
Let\'s start with an example question. This question is from paper 2 of an IELTS exam. Pause the video and read it if you need time.
让我们看一个样题 ， 这个问题来自雅思考试试卷二 。如果需要时间 ， 可以暂停视频读题目 。
So, our question: "In cities and towns all over the world the high volume of traffic is a problem. What are the causes of this and what actions can be taken to solve this problem?"
我们的问题是：在全世界的城镇 ， 拥挤的交通是一个问题 。引发的原因是什么 ， 该如何解决该问题？
It\'s from a real past IELTS exam. OK, so let\'s start with a question: what does a good introduction need to do?
这是以往雅思考试的一道真题 。从问题入手 ， 好的开头应该怎么写？
A good introduction should do four things: grab your reader\'s attention and explain why your reader should care about this topic; address the question directly; give background information or general examples to make the topic more relevant; and four, you need to explain how you are going to approach the topic. Let\'s consider these points one by one.
好的开头包括4件事：抓住读者注意力 ， 解释为什么读者要关心这个话题 ， 直接提出问题 ， 给出背景信息或事例使之与主题更相关 。第四 ， 你要解释如何论证该话题 。一个个来考虑这些要点 。
Number one: grab your reader\'s attention. I think this is the most important part of an introduction.
第一：抓住读者注意力 。我认为这是文章开头最重要的部分 。
If someone reads your first paragraph and doesn\'t care about the topic, and doesn\'t want to read what you have to say, you\'ve done something wrong. After reading your introduction, your reader should want to know more about the topic and what you have to say.
如果有人读了第一段后并不对话题感兴趣 ， 不想继续读下去 ， 就是你的问题了 。读过首段后 ， 你的读者应更想了解该话题和你所说的 。
This is important for any essay, even in an exam like IELTS.Your essay will always be marked by a human, not a robot or a computer.
这对任何写作都重要 ， 甚至是雅思考试 。你的文章都由考官打分 ， 而不是机器或电脑 。
Think about it: if you like someone, if someone\'s friendly and nice to you, you\'ll try harder to help them, right? In the same way, if your essay starts with an interesting introduction, your reader will want to like your essay.
想一想 ， 如果你喜欢某人 ， 如果某人对你很友好 ， 你会尽力帮他们 ， 对吗？同样 ， 如果你的文章以有趣的序言为开头 ， 你的读者会喜欢你的文章 。
Making a good first impression and getting your reader\'s attention is ALWAYS a good idea; it can only help you. So, how can you grab your reader\'s attention? Here are some possibilities.

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